2/18/2023 0 Comments 768 civilization vThe geographical target of the policy action, if applicable (for example, national, provincial or municipal). The level of government initiating the action (for example, national or provincial). The type of government policy implemented (for example, quarantine or closure of schools (16 total)). More specifically, the CoronaNet dataset collects daily data on government policy actions taken in response to COVID-19 across the following dimensions: We are implementing a 5-day lag between data collection and release to evaluate and validate ongoing coding efforts for random samples of the data to ensure the best possible quality given the considerable time constraints. With the help of a team of over 260 research assistants (RAs) in 18 time zones, we are releasing the data on a daily basis. At the time of writing, the dataset covers the policy actions of 198 countries up until for a total of 13,398 events. To address this concern, we present the CoronaNet COVID-19 Government Response Event Dataset, which provides fine-grained, monadic and dyadic data on policy actions taken by governments across the world since the Chinese government first reported the COVID-19 outbreak on 31 December 2019. However, policymakers and researchers have, to date, lacked access to quality, up-to-date data they need for conducting rigorous analyses of whether, how and to what degree these fast changing policies have worked in mitigating the health, political and economic effects of the pandemic. 244, 251–52, 135 P.3d 536 (2006), it was not error to refuse WPI 15.04 when both defendants admitted liability (successive car accidents) but disagreed on which defendant caused particular medical expenses.Governments around the world have implemented a substantial number and variety of policies in reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic over a period of a few months. 357,361–62, 674 P.2d 679 (1984) (failure to give WPI 15.04 was error, but harmless given the jury's special verdict findings), overruled on other grounds Brown v. Puget Sound Power and Light Co., Inc., 100 Wn.2d 204 (failure to give WPI 15.04 was reversible error) Jones v. WPI 15.01 does not inform the jury that the act of another person does not excuse the defendant's negligence unless the other person's negligence was the sole proximate cause of the plaintiff's injuries. Failure to give WPI 15.04 (Negligence of Defendant Concurring with Other Causes) may be reversible error even though WPI 15.01 is given including the bracketed last paragraph. 510, 523, 15 P.3d 180 (2000) (jury question whether had juvenile offender's score been non-negligently calculated, he would have been in prison and unable to murder plaintiff decedent).Īn instruction setting forth the legal effect of multiple proximate causes is necessary when both sides raise complex theories of multiple causation. 227, 239, 95 P.3d 764 (2004) (estate could not show that, but for negligent supervision, parolee would have been in jail and unable to kill plaintiff decedent) Estate of Jones v. The question of proximate cause in this context is ordinarily for the jury unless the facts are undisputed and do not admit reasonable differences of opinion, in which case cause in fact is a question of law for the court. WPI 15.01 describes proximate cause in this factual sense. Cause in fact refers to the “but for” consequences of an act-the physical connection between an act and an injury. Proximate cause under Washington law recognizes two elements: cause in fact and legal causation.
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